Macro-nutrients: The three main nutrients that provide energy and are required in larger quantities in the diet, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Micro-nutrients: The essential nutrients required in smaller quantities, including vitamins and minerals.
Calories: A unit of measurement of energy derived from food.
Carbohydrates: A macronutrient that provides energy and is found in foods like grains, fruits, and vegetables.
Proteins: A macronutrient that is important for building and repairing tissues and is found in foods like meat, fish, and beans.
Fats: A macronutrient that provides energy and is found in foods like nuts, seeds, and oils.
Fiber: A type of carbohydrate that is important for digestive health and is found in foods like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
Glycemic index: A measure of how quickly a food raises blood sugar levels.
Glycemic load: A measure that takes into account both the quality and quantity of carbohydrates in a food.
Antioxidants: Compounds that help protect the body from damage caused by free radicals.
Phytochemicals: Compounds found in plant-based foods that have been shown to have health benefits.
Omega-3 fatty acids: A type of fat found in foods like fatty fish and flaxseeds that has been shown to have numerous health benefits.
Sodium: A mineral that is essential for health but is often consumed in excess in the typical Western diet.
Potassium: A mineral that is important for regulating blood pressure and is found in foods like bananas, potatoes, and spinach.
Calcium: A mineral that is important for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth and is found in foods like dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods.
Vitamin D: A vitamin that is important for bone health and is synthesized by the body when exposed to sunlight.
Vitamin B12: A vitamin that is important for nervous system function and is found in animal-based foods like meat, fish, and dairy products.
Iron: A mineral that is important for the formation of red blood cells and is found in foods like meat, beans, and fortified cereals.
Zinc: A mineral that is important for immune system function and is found in foods like meat, seafood, and beans.
Magnesium: A mineral that is important for muscle and nerve function and is found in foods like leafy greens, nuts, and whole grains.
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